January 31, 2002

Immunization Refresher:   A Checklist for Preventing Diseases--Both in the Workplace and Home

By Peter H. Wald, MD, MPH
Board-Certified, Occupational Medicine, Medical Toxicology, Internal Medicine
Principal, WorkCare

The use of vaccines in this country has had a significant impact in preventing disease, disability and death in children and adults.   Advancements in immunization treatments and programs have resulted in the eradication of diseases, such as small pox, and have virtually eliminated the threat of other diseases, including polio.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, this success in public health may ironically lead to a decreased awareness or apathy regarding the need for vaccines and immunization interventions.

A report by the National Immunization Program states that “some diseases have been so well controlled by the use of vaccines that the public and many healthcare providers have no memory of them ever existing.”

Yet the need for immunization programs continues to be essential in preventing diseases.   Every day, more than 11,000 babies are born in the United States —all requiring vaccines against 10 preventable diseases.   In addition, more than 30,000 adults die each year from complications of influenza, pneumococcal disease, and hepatitis B—all preventable.  

As health and safety professionals, understanding the importance that vaccines have on preventing diseases is critical—both in our workplace and at home.  

In particular, employees who are not U.S. citizens and travel abroad on company business may not have had recommended vaccines, and may be at greater risk of exposure for vaccine-preventable diseases.   Employers should be aware of this and seek consultation from a travel health professional.

The following guidelines provide information on recommended immunization schedules for children, adolescent and adults.  

*Selected Populations

+Adults without full child immunizations

Click here for a full, detailed immunization schedule, including specifications on age and health/physical factors to consider prior to vaccination for children and adults